The Legacy of the Prophet and the Society Assignment

The Legacy of the Prophet and the Society - Assignment Example In his book, Shadid takes note of that the essence of Islam in the Middle East has changed from one seen to be watchful and vicious to a quiet one. On account of Islamic activists who have experienced incredible change helping poor people and giving comfort through their social activism. Hashemi likewise records that the contention in The Legacy of the prophet was predominantly founded on the change in political Islam. This political change speaks to the cutting edge Islam and is described by support for vote based system and peacefulness. These Islamic developments have shown a move from the more established activist procedure to a progressively fair procedure. The cutting edge Islam advocate for moral Islamic duty and network dedication, monetary equity and a spot for ladies in the public eye, and promoter for a state represented by Islamic Sharia. These would convert into a cutting edge society. Kurzman takes note of that there are three models of Sharia: Liberal sharia, quiet Sha ria and deciphered sharia. A portion of the issues brought up in The Legacy of the Prophet are portrayal of the models introduced by Kurzman. This is specific with the â€Å"interpreted sharia†. As indicated by the model, sharia is welcome to understanding. The way that cutting edge Islam advocate for majority rule government and advancement joins them to â€Å"interpreted sharia† model. Model is viewed as liberal taking into consideration re-understanding of sharia. The model additionally portrays sharia as heavenly. This viewpoint is apparent in the cutting edge Islams when they advocate for a state administered by Sharia which is divineâ

Comparing the Windows 2003 Server and Windows 2008 Server Operating Essay

Contrasting the Windows 2003 Server and Windows 2008 Server Operating System - Essay Example Windows server likewise oversees area and its client’s creation, support and security. Area of windows allude to the idea of system focus where all solicitations for getting to information and data from peer associations on arrange are gotten and prepared. The whole information of the area is put away inside the server giving physical insurance and control of the clients, their exercises, authority, rights, positions and benefits. Windows servers come in different releases, for example, Standard Edition, Enterprise Edition, Datacenter Edition and Web Edition. Each sort of releases has diverse reason and cost and the client should choose the version that accommodates his financial plan and addresses his issues. (Microsoft) It utilizes .NET advances which is amazing best in class genuinely object situated innovation. Figure 1 underneath shows synopsis of its highlights, news about updates, necessities, similarity, interface, establishment, variations (releases), and forms. (Theosfiles) The group of Windows Server 2008 incorporates Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard, Enterprise, Datacenter and Windows Web Server 2008 R2 every one has its own not insignificant rundown of cost and advantages which can be concentrated independently at Microsoft Website. As a contextual analysis, highlights of Standard Edition are introduced here in Figure 3 which incorporates news, outline, necessities, similarity, releases and forms, and so on. (Theosfiles) Any choice of relocation from Windows Server 2003 to 2008 requires basic arranging of clients account and their privileges and information. Complete examination of similarity of equipment and programming is additionally required by method of researching whether every single stock thing of equipment and programming is operational and good with Windows Server 2008. Expenses of new gadget drivers, programming overhauls and equipment are gathered for precise working. Cost and advantage investigation of updating must

Exercise May Help Reduce OCD Symptoms

Exercise May Help Reduce OCD Symptoms OCD Living With OCD Print Exercise May Help Reduce OCD Symptoms By Owen Kelly, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 19, 2019 Jordan Siemens / Getty Images More in OCD Living With OCD Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Types Related Conditions Engaging in aerobic exercise comes with many physical benefits including reduced cholesterol levels and a lowered risk of heart disease and diabetes. If you have obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), there might be an additional benefit, a reduction of your symptoms.   What the Research Says Aerobic exercise can be used therapeutically to improve mild to moderate symptoms of depression, as well as reduce overall stress and anxiety levels. One study examining aerobic exercise and OCD symptoms asked participants to continue their usual treatment  adding moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, such as running, to their treatment regimen for 12 weeks. What they found was that the severity and frequency of OCD symptoms were reduced immediately following the exercise. In addition, the overall severity and frequency of OCD symptoms generally decreased over the 12 weeks of exercise. For some participants, these gains were still present six months after the study. Another study conducted a similar test to see if a combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and a customized 12-week exercise program made any difference in OCD symptoms. The exercises helped, making the 12-week program along with CBT a good therapeutic recommendation. How Exercise Can Help There are a number of ways in which exercise might help to reduce symptoms. Exercise can change your brain. Studies conducted on mice have shown that exercising on a running wheel helps them sprout new connections between neurons in their brains. Exercise may cause the release of “growth factors,” which trigger neurons to make new connections. These new connections may help to reduce symptoms of OCD. Exercise also promotes the release of endorphins, “feel good” neurochemicals, boosting mood and fending off stress. Exercise can also help improve your self-esteem. If you start exercising regularly, you may find yourself feeling better both physically and mentally. These changes can help boost your self-confidence as well as decrease your stressâ€"a major trigger of OCD symptoms. Exercising can also make you more social. Whether its getting out to the gym, meeting up with a running partner, or joining a sports teamâ€"exercising can help you be more outgoing.  Getting out and connecting with people is a great means of social support. Having a strong support system, like boosting self-esteem, is another great way to reduce your stress levels.   Not to mention, exercise can also provide a great distraction from any obsessions and compulsion you may be experiencing. Most vigorous forms of physical activity require your full attention, making it hard to focus on anything else. In this way, exercise could provide a welcome break from obsessions and compulsions, as well as give you a sense of control over your symptoms. If you are thinking about adding exercise to your overall treatment strategy, ask your doctor which exercise program theyd recommend for you. You can also work with a personal trainer or take group fitness classes if you are new to working out.

Were Dinosaurs Warm-Blooded

Because there’s so much confusion about what it means for any creature—not just a dinosaur—to be â€Å"cold-blooded† or â€Å"warm-blooded,† let’s start our analysis of this issue with some much-needed definitions. Biologists use a variety of words to describe a given animal’s metabolism (that is, the nature and speed of the chemical processes taking place inside its cells). In an endothermic creature, cells generate heat that maintains the animals body temperature, while ectothermic animals absorb heat from the surrounding environment. There are two more terms of art that further complicate this issue. The first is homeothermic, describing animals that maintain constant internal body temperature, and the second is poikilothermic, which applies to animals whose body temperature fluctuates according to the environment. (Confusingly, it’s possible for a creature to be ectothermic, but not poikiothermic, if it modifies its behavior in order to maintain its body temperature when faced with an adverse environment.) What Does it Mean to Be Warm-Blooded and Cold-Blooded? As you may have surmised from the above definitions, it doesn’t necessarily follow that an ectothermic reptile literally has colder blood, temperature-wise, than an endothermic mammal. For example, the blood of a desert lizard basking in the sun will temporarily be warmer than that of a similar-sized mammal in the same environment, though the lizard’s body temperature will drop with nightfall. Anyway, in the modern world, mammals and birds are both endothermic and homeothermic (i.e., â€Å"warm-blooded†), while most reptiles (and some fish) are both ectothermic and poikilothermic (i.e., â€Å"cold-blooded†). So what about dinosaurs? For a hundred or so years after their fossils began to be dug up, paleontologists and evolutionary biologists assumed that dinosaurs must have been cold-blooded. This assumption seems to have been fueled by three intertwined lines of reasoning: 1) Some dinosaurs were very big, which led researchers to believe that they had correspondingly slow metabolisms (since it would take a huge amount of energy for a hundred-ton herbivore to maintain high body temperature). 2) These same dinosaurs were assumed to have extremely small brains for their large bodies, which contributed to the image of slow, lumbering, not-particularly-awake creatures (more like Galapagos turtles than speedy Velociraptors). 3) Since modern reptiles and lizards are cold-blooded, it made sense that â€Å"lizard-like† creatures like dinosaurs must have cold-blooded, too. (This, as you may have guessed, is the weakest argument in favor of cold-blooded dinosaurs.) This received view of dinosaurs began to change in the late 1960s, when a handful of paleontologists, chief among them Robert Bakker and John Ostrom, began to promulgate a picture of dinosaurs as fast, quick-witted, energetic creatures, more akin to modern mammalian predators than the lumbering lizards of myth. The problem was, it would be extremely difficult for a Tyrannosaurus Rex to maintain such an active lifestyle if it was cold-blooded--leading to the theory that dinosaurs may, in fact, have been endotherms. Arguments in Favor of Warm-Blooded Dinosaurs Because there are no living dinosaurs around to be dissected (with one possible exception, which we’ll get to below), most of the evidence for warm-blooded metabolism stems from modern theories about dinosaur behavior. Here are the five main arguments for endothermic dinosaurs (some of which are challenged below, in the Arguments Against section). At least some dinosaurs were active, smart, and fast. As mentioned above, the main impetus for the warm-blooded dinosaur theory is that some dinosaurs exhibited â€Å"mammalian† behavior, which entails a level of energy that (presumably) can only be maintained by a warm-blooded metabolism.Dinosaur bones show evidence of endothermic metabolism. Microscopic analysis has shown that the bones of some dinosaurs grew at a rate comparable to modern mammals, and have more features in common with the bones of mammals and birds than they do with the bones of modern-day reptiles.Many dinosaur fossils have been found at high latitudes. Cold-blooded creatures are much more likely to evolve in warm regions, where they can use the environment to maintain their body temperatures. Higher latitudes entail colder temperatures, so it’s unlikely that dinosaurs were cold-blooded.Birds are endotherms, so dinosaurs must have been too. Many biologists consider birds to be â€Å"living dinosaur s,† and reason that the warm-bloodedness of modern birds is direct evidence for the warm-blooded metabolism of their dinosaur ancestors.Dinosaurs’ circulatory systems required a warm-blooded metabolism. If a giant  sauropod  like  Brachiosaurus  kept its head in a vertical position, like a giraffe, that would have put enormous demands on its heart--and only an endothermic metabolism could fuel its circulatory system. Arguments Against Warm-Blooded Dinosaurs According to a few evolutionary biologists, it’s not enough to say that because some dinosaurs may have been faster and smarter than previously assumed, all dinosaurs had warm-blooded metabolisms--and it’s especially tricky to infer metabolism from presumed behavior, rather than from the actual fossil record. Here are the five main arguments against warm-blooded dinosaurs. Some dinosaurs were too large to be endotherms. According to some experts, a 100-ton sauropod with a warm-blooded metabolism would likely have overheated and died. At that weight, a cold-blooded dinosaur could have been what’s called an â€Å"inertial homeotherm†--that is, it warmed up slowly and cooled off slowly, allowing it to maintain more-or-less constant body temperature.The  Jurassic  and  Cretaceous  periods were hot and muggy. It’s true that many dinosaur fossils have been found at high altitudes, but 100 million years ago even a 10,000-foot-high mountain peak might have been relatively balmy. If the climate was hot year-round, that would favor cold-blooded dinosaurs that relied on outside temperatures to maintain their body heat.We don’t know enough about dinosaur posture. It’s not certain that  Barosaurus  elevated its head to forage for grub; some experts think large, herbivorous dinosaurs held their long necks parallel to th e ground, using their tails as q counterweight. This would weaken the argument that these dinosaurs needed warm-blooded metabolisms to pump blood to their brains.The bone evidence is overrated. It may be true that some dinosaurs grew at a faster clip than previously believed, but this may not be evidence in favor of a warm-blooded metabolism. One experiment has shown that modern (cold-blooded) reptiles can quickly generate bone under the right conditions.Dinosaurs lacked respiratory turbinates. To supply their metabolic needs, warm-blooded creatures breathe about five times as often as reptiles. Land-dwelling endotherms have structures in their skulls called â€Å"respiratory turbinates,† which help retain moisture during the respiration process. To date, no one has found conclusive evidence of these structures in dinosaur fossils—hence, dinosaurs must have been cold-blooded (or, at least, definitely not endotherms). Where Things Stand Today So, what can we conclude from the above arguments for and against warm-blooded dinosaurs? Many scientists (who are unaffiliated with either camp) believe that this debate is based on false premises--that is, it’s not the case that dinosaurs needed to be either warm-blooded or cold-blooded, with no third alternative. The fact is, we don’t know enough yet about how metabolism works, or how it can potentially evolve, to draw any definite conclusions about dinosaurs. It’s possible that dinosaurs were neither warm-blooded nor cold-blooded, but had an â€Å"intermediate† type of metabolism that has yet to be pinned down. It’s also possible that all dinosaurs were warm-blooded or cold-blooded, but some individual species developed adaptations in the other direction. If this last idea sounds confusing, bear in mind that not all modern mammals are warm-blooded in exactly the same way. A fast, hungry cheetah has a classic warm-blooded metabolism, but the relatively primitive platypus sports a tuned-down metabolism that in many ways is closer to that of a comparably sized lizard than to that of other mammals. Further complicating matters, some paleontologists claim that slow-moving prehistoric mammals (like Myotragus, the Cave Goat) had true cold-blooded metabolisms. Today, the majority of scientists subscribe to the warm-blooded dinosaur theory, but that pendulum could swing the other way as more evidence is unearthed. For now, any definite conclusions about dinosaur metabolism will have to await future discoveries.

Informative Essay German Culture Facts, Customs and...

Come drink a Bit burger and eat a delicious wiener schnitzel in Germany! Germany is just slightly smaller than the state of Montana in the United States. In addition, Germany is located in central Europe and borders the North Sea and Baltic Sea in the Netherlands and, Poland. The culture built around Germany has a foundation of Art, Literature, Sports, Food, and Music. In addition, Germany’s torn past over war of its modern day is very different form our own, but is very similar in many other ways. However to truly understand the unique culture of Germany, one must know the origin of the unique Art’s, Literature, Sports, Food and, Music, that Germany is known for. Germany has many interesting facts. Germans wear their wedding†¦show more content†¦Wines and, beer are famous all over the world, which leads to the popular German social gathering at an outdoor beer or wine garden or cellar restaurant. In Germany schools is a little different from the schools in the United States. From the age of 6 through 14, school is mandatory, and in public state-run schools, it is free. The school system in Germany is a little different from in America’s school system. All children enter in the same program, but at the age of 10, they can go to one of four different types of schools. The way that they enter school determines whether they will go to a university or enter a technical field or trade field. Colleges in Germany are very difficult to get into. They require you to have a high school diploma and, a GPA that is equivalent to 60% of your grade. These requirements just stated will allow you to get into the lowest level of college that they have to offer. There school system goes on programs that help you get a degree in a specific field. Once you enter a program at the school, you must finish it. It is not like our school systems in the United States where you can change whenever you want. If a student in Germany starts a program and, after 3 years, he or she decides that they want to get out of that program, he or she must start over from the beginning. Nothing will transfer from program to program in the German education system. Job requirements are much more difficult, forShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesBusiness School, Swedish School of Economics and Business Administration, Finland This book makes it easier to understand the current stand of organization theory. I strongly recommend it to anyone seriously interested in the different intellectual traditions that contribute to our understanding of organizations. Professor Tomas Mà ¼llern, Jà ¶nkà ¶ping International Business School, Sweden . McAuley, Duberley and Johnson’s Organizational Theory takes you on a joyful ride through the developments ofRead MoreLanguage of Advertising20371 Words   |  82 Pagesthe ever-increasing pace of transformation of advertising in the professional realm (occupation). The analysis of advertising texts seems appropriate to rely on the definition proposed by American Marketing Association, drawing attention to the fact that the method of presenting information depends on its nature and characteristics of the target audience: Advertising is distributed in some form of impersonal nature of the information on products, services or ideas and initiatives designedRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 Pagesand which Taylor translates by pigeon-holing (p. 35). 1990 Preface This book is divided into four sections, and it groups ten chapters corresponding to twelve previously published articles. 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The Communist System of Government Free Essays

Communism is an ideal society that is unrealistic for humans to maintain. In this system major resources and means of production are owned by the community rather than by individuals. The society is without money, without a state, without property and without social classes. We will write a custom essay sample on The Communist System of Government or any similar topic only for you Order Now All people would contribute to the society according to their ability and take from the society according to their needs. Fredrick Engel’s believed that a proletarian could only be liberated by abolishing competition, private property, and all class differences, and replacing it with association. The concept was derived from ancient sources, such as Plato’s Republic and the earliest Christian communes. In the early 19th century, the idea of a communist society was a response to the poor social classes that developed during the beginning of modern capitalism. Communal societies have existed for centuries, yet they eventually failed. Throughout history, religious groups have had the most success in maintaining communes. The Roman Catholic Church established monasteries all over Europe in the middle Ages. Most of these small-scale private xperiments involved voluntary cooperation, with everyone participating in the governing process. Philosophers Karl Marx and Fredric Engel influenced the movement of communism greatly. In the late 1800’s the two discovered that they had individually come to ideal opinions on the perfect society. They collaborated their ideas in their most famous â€Å"Communist Manifesto†, as well as many other informative pamphlets. Third World countries striving for national independence and social change experimented with their philosophies on economics. Fredrick Engel wrote, â€Å"The general co-operation of all members f society for the purpose of planned exploitation of the forces of production, the expansion of production to the point where it will satisfy the needs of all, the abolition of a situation in which the needs of some are satisfied at the expense of the needs of others, the complete liquidation of classes and their conflicts, the rounded development of the capacities of all members of society through the elimination of the present division of labor, through industrial education, through engaging in varying activities, through the participation by all n the enjoyments produced by all, through the combination of city and country — these are the main consequences of the abolition of private property. The philosopher’s ideals were kindled by the mistreatment of the working class throughout history. Every social system of the past, Marx argued, had been a device by which the rich and powerful few could live by the toil and misery of the powerless many, therefore causing class differences and conflict. Engel and Marx believed that the capitalist system was flawed and was bound to destroy itself. They tried to show that the more productive the system became, the more difficult it would be to make it function: The more goods it accumulated, the less use it would have for these goods; the more people it trained, the less it could utilize their talents. Capitalism, in short, would eventually choke on its own wealth. Poverty rapidly spread through civilized countries during the industrial revolution in the late 18th century. It was precipitated by the discovery of the steam engine, mechanical loom, and other various mechanical devices. Only â€Å"big capitalists† could afford the expensive achines, which transformed the entire mode of production. Former workers were replaced by machines, which were more productive, along with cheaper labor. Industrial product (brought about by machine labor) prices decreased, completely destroying the old system of hand labor. Within no time the bourgeoisie (big capitalists) increased profits and the former workers remained with nothing. The former workers, proletarians were then forced to work minimum wage for the bourgeoisie. They only provided the lower class enough money to survive, so they would not be able to rise above their class. So as the old saying goes, â€Å"the rich got richer and the poor only got poorer†. Many countries were revolutionized by Europe’s mechanical industry production. Countries such as India and China were complete strangers to historical development, until they were violently forced out of their isolation. They bought cheaper commodities from the English and allowed their own manufacturing workers to wither away. Due to the one world market, civilized countries have repercussions in third world countries. By abolishing private property, competition would become obsolete. Karl Marx did not think that competition and individual management of industry could be separated, so his solution was to destroy both of the problems with one stone. He wanted to limit private property through progressively increasing property taxes (basically taxing the bourgeoisie). By removing competition, greediness would be eliminated. â€Å"Greediness is a consequence of capitalism and is merely a learned quality†, explains Kominf. If all humans were treated equally, there would be no need to compete with one another. In the ideal society, the state would provide ducation for all children. The children would be trained for a variety of occupations. Thus entering the work force, they would be prepared for a variety of jobs. Workers would rotate occupations in response to the needs of society. No longer would they be bound or exploited to their occupation. This would remove class differences, such as the one-sided character that is transfixed upon our current society. The variety of classes would soon disappear because there would no longer be a division of labor. Within a communistic society commodities are traded, opposed to using money. Commodities value is based upon the amount of labor time that was necessary to produce the product. However, this could result in a situation in which a lazy worker taking their time about making a commodity makes a commodity worth much more than the commodity made by a hard working efficient worker. If this were the case then employers would be sacking their diligent workers while telling the rest to go as slow as they can. Instead of Right-Wing politicians lambasting the poor for being lazy they would be lambasting them for being too hard working. This is not, however, what determines the value of a commodity. What determines the value of a commodity is the labor time socially necessary for its production. Shortages, inequalities, and coercive government have persisted in countries that call themselves ‘communist’. The followers of Marx that have come into power in nations have lacked some preconditions that Marx and Engel considered essential. Russia was one of the first countries to experiment with their own revised version of communism. In the early years its enemies within the country challenged the government’s very existence repeatedly. The country strived to transform their backward country into a leading industrial nation and first rate military power. However this task required harsh discipline imposed only by an unrelenting dictatorship. Which controlled all of citizens activities. The resulting system of total control has been labeled totalitarianism. Totalitarianism by no means carried out Marx and Engel visions of utopia. The country’s cultural and intellectual life remained under the control of the ruling party. Eventually in the early 1980’s, the USSR had become the world’s second-ranking industrial power. Its armed might and industrial potential were backed by important scientific advances and by a generally high level of technical education. However, their living conditions were low in comparison to that of the Western countries. The success was not maintained for more than a decade. In 1991 the political struggle led to the collapse of the Soviet Communist Party. In order for communism to succeed, it must be world wide. This is because of our one world market that exists in modern day. Countries in the world depend on one another for economical growth. Although with this dependency, the countries rise and fall with one another’s economy. The internet is spreading the word of communism. Groups represented throughout the world are preparing for a future revolution. Unfortunately they are not afraid of brutally taking lives to get what they want. It is expected that one day the large number of the working class will join together and revolt against their higher class. If communism were to be world wide, they would be able to completely abolish competition. Within removing competition, people’s trait of greediness would soon wither. How to cite The Communist System of Government, Essay examples

Hr on Organizational free essay sample

Discuss the impact of HR on organizational effectiveness (if possible, include examples from where your work. ) The human resources department of an organization if very important to the effectiveness of the organization due to the fact that it is the core of the organization. It helps a company operate smoothly and effectively by providing assistance, assurance, and confidence. The human resources department at my work not only keeps track of our payroll, time clock, etc. They also keep up to date with the laws and regulations of the company and legal aspects of things. How do the HR policies for an MNC(multinational corporation) differ from those of a company operating exclusively in one country. Give examples. A multinational corporation (MNC) is a firm that is based in one country and produces goods or provides services in one or more foreign countries. HR policies for a MNC differ from those of a company operating in Just one country for numerous reasons. We will write a custom essay sample on Hr on Organizational or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The MNC must take into account language, culture, ethics, gestures, laws, regulations, customs, economy, and politics of not Just the home country but the host country as well. For example, Coke sells their product all over the world. They must change their marketing to accommodate the Chinese. The language must be changed, and even the recipe must be altered. The HR policies must follow the different rules, regulations, and cultures of the different countries they are doing business in. Question 1: Discuss the impact of HR on organizational effectiveness (if possible, include examples from where you work). HR has is very important effect on an organizations effectiveness. An employees culture, if it is passionate and intelligent, an improve a companys success because it gives the highest quality of ideas to help the company. HRS main focus is to use individuals to achieve organizational objectives. Effective HR requires great management and all managers get things done through the efforts of others. Individuals within an organization are indeed a major part of the culture of the company. Question 2: How do the HR policies for an MNC (Multinational Corporation) differ from those of a company operating exclusively in one country? Give examples. HR policies for MNC (Multinational Corporation) are iffering from those of a company operating exclusively in one country because they have to protect their product with the best of their ability. Some companys products could vary from country to country. Keeping their identity should be very important for a company. They also might have to promote differently along with changing names to fit the suppliers. Companies operating in one country usually dont have to chance anything for the people to buy it. The organization doesnt have to worry about their identity being change because most of the people that are buying the product are from the same origin.